在宋代女词人中，李清照以“别是一家”的词风冠绝古今，其词作以靖康之变为界，前期铺陈闺阁闲情、相思意趣，后期承载国破家亡、漂泊之痛。她笔下的《临江仙》系列，恰似一卷闺中到乱世的心境长卷，既藏“露浓花瘦，薄汗轻衣透”的娇憨，也含“物是人非事事休，欲语泪先流”的沉悲；既有“赌书泼茶”的雅致，也有“寻寻觅觅”的茫然。李清照以女性细腻笔触，将个人情愫与时代沧桑相融，语言清丽而意蕴深厚，让沉婉之美跨越千年仍动人心弦。哪一阕配资牌照查询，曾让你读懂易安的悲欢起落？
《临江仙》，起源于唐代，盛行于宋代，属双调六十字，上下阕各五句三平韵，亦有五十八字、六十一字等变体。词牌名自带清婉之韵，可抒闺情、可咏风物、可叹身世，李清照借这一词牌，前期抒少女闲愁与夫妻相思，后期写漂泊孤寂与家国之痛，赋予词牌“刚柔并济，语浅情深”的独特气质。
【01】临江仙·梅
李清照〔宋代〕
展开剩余95%庭院深深深几许，云窗雾阁春迟。为谁憔悴损芳姿。夜来清梦好，应是发南枝。
玉瘦檀轻无限恨，南楼羌管休吹。浓香吹尽有谁知。暖风迟日也，别到杏花肥。
English Translation：How deep the courtyard is, layer upon layer; cloud-shrouded windows and mist-wreathed pavilions delay spring’s arrival. For whom does she fade, her graceful posture waning? Last night’s sweet dream fggtp.cn was fine—surely the southern branches bloom.
此词为李清照前期咏梅之作，以梅喻人，抒写闺中相思之愁。上阕“庭院深深”勾勒幽深闺院，云窗雾阁间春意迟缓，暗合闺中女子的孤寂。“为谁憔悴损芳姿”以梅的凋零喻自身因相思而消瘦，设问中藏尽牵挂。下阕“玉瘦檀轻”状写梅的清丽，也暗喻女子身形娇弱，“南楼羌管休吹”怕笛声触动愁绪，尽显敏感心事。末句以暖风迟日、杏花渐肥收尾，以春景反衬梅的凋零，暗合相思无寄的怅惘。
English Appreciation：This ci, written in Li Qingzhao’s early years, eulogizes plum blossoms and metaphorically expresses the longing of a boudoir lady. The deep courtyard and delayed spring reflect her loneliness, while the withering plum blossoms symbolize her emaciation due to longing. The fear of flute music stirring sorrow shows her delicate mood, and the contrast between spring scenery and withered plums highlights her unspoken melancholy.
【02】临江仙·髻子伤春慵更梳
李清照〔宋代〕
髻子伤春慵更梳，晚风庭院落梅初。淡云来往月疏疏。玉鸭熏炉闲瑞脑，朱樱斗帐掩流苏。
通犀还解辟寒无。酒意诗情谁与共，泪融残粉花钿重。乍试夹衫金缕缝，山枕斜欹枕旧香。
English Translation：Saddened by spring, I’m lazy to comb my hair; plum blossoms fall in the courtyard at dusk. Thin clouds drift by, and the moon shines faintly. The jade duck censer fggtb.cn idly burns fragrant resin; the red cherry curtain hides the tassels.
此词抒写闺中女子伤春怀人之情，笔触细腻，意境清幽。上阕“慵更梳”直抒慵懒情态，伤春之心让她无心打理妆容，晚风落梅、淡云疏月的景致，更添清冷孤寂。“玉鸭熏炉”“朱樱斗帐”勾勒闺中陈设，尽显雅致，却也反衬独处的落寞。下阕“酒意诗情谁与共”直抒胸臆，无人相伴赏春品诗，唯有泪水相融残粉，满是相思之苦。末句试穿新衫、斜倚山枕，旧香萦绕，更添对往日相伴时光的追忆。
English Appreciation：This ci expresses a lady’s sorrow for spring and longing for her lover with delicate brushwork. Her laziness in combing hair and the cold, quiet scenery reflect her loneliness. The elegant boudoir furnishings contrast with her solitude, and the longing for shared poetry and wine deepens her sorrow. The memory of old fragrance lingers, highlighting her nostalgia for the past.
【03】临江仙·欧阳公作《蝶恋花》
李清照〔宋代〕
庭院深深深几许？杨柳堆烟，帘幕无重数。玉勒雕鞍游冶处，楼高不见章台路。
雨横风狂三月暮，门掩黄昏，无计留春住。泪眼问花花不语，乱红飞过秋千去。
English Translation：How deep the courtyard is, layer upon layer? Willows shrouded in mist, curtain upon curtain. Where the carved saddle roams, the tall building cannot overlook the romantic lane. At dusk in late March, fggtp.cn rain pours and wind rages; closing the door at dusk, there’s no way to keep spring.
此词为李清照化用欧阳修词句所作，却注入自身闺情体悟，写尽伤春与相思的无奈。上阕“庭院深深”“杨柳堆烟”勾勒幽深寂寥的环境，暗合女子被禁锢的闺中生活，“楼高不见章台路”写思念之人远去，望而不得，满是怅惘。下阕“雨横风狂”状写暮春风雨，既写自然之景，也暗喻心绪的纷乱，“无计留春住”既叹春去，也叹美好时光流逝。末句“泪眼问花”的痴情与“乱红飞过”的萧瑟，将相思之苦推向极致。
English Appreciation：Li Qingzhao reinterprets Ouyang Xiu’s ci with her own boudoir feelings, expressing the helplessness of sorrow for spring and longing. The deep courtyard and willow mist reflect her confined life, while the inability to see her lover adds melancholy. The violent spring rain symbolizes her chaotic mood, and the dialogue with flowers deepens her unrequited longing.
【04】临江仙·雪
李清照〔宋代〕
窗前谁种芭蕉树，阴满中庭。阴满中庭，叶叶心心，舒卷有馀清。
伤心枕上三更雨，点滴霖霪。点滴霖霪，愁损北人，不惯起来听。
English Translation：Who planted the banana tree by the window? Its shade covers the courtyard. Shade covers the courtyard, every leaf and heart, unfurling and curling with lingering elegance. At midnight, sad on the pillow, fggtb.cn rain drizzles endlessly. Drizzling endlessly, it torments the northerner, unaccustomed to waking to such sounds.
此词为李清照南渡后所作，借芭蕉夜雨写漂泊之痛与思乡之情。上阕写芭蕉树遮满庭院，叶片舒展，看似清雅，却为下阕愁绪铺垫。下阕“三更雨”“点滴霖霪”勾勒雨夜凄清之景，雨声淅沥，触动南渡后的孤寂。“愁损北人，不惯起来听”直抒胸臆，北方人不惯南方夜雨，实则暗喻对故乡的思念与漂泊他乡的无奈，情感沉郁而真挚。
English Appreciation：Written after Li Qingzhao crossed the Yangtze River south, this ci expresses her wandering pain and homesickness through banana trees and night rain. The elegant banana shade sets the stage for sorrow, while the endless drizzle reflects her loneliness. Her complaint about being unaccustomed to southern rain implicitly conveys her longing for her hometown and helplessness as a wanderer.
【05】临江仙·春归
李清照〔宋代〕
春归何处？寂寞无行路。若有人知春去处，唤取归来同住。
春无踪迹谁知？除非问取黄鹂。百啭无人能解，因风飞过蔷薇。
English Translation：Where has spring gone? It leaves no trace, lonely and pathless. If someone knows where spring resides, call it back to live together. Who knows spring’s trace? Unless we ask the oriole. Its countless warbles fggtp.cn no one can understand; it flies over the roses with the wind.
此词以寻春为线索，抒写伤春惜时之情，风格清丽灵动。上阕设问“春归何处”，既写对春去的惋惜，也暗合对美好时光流逝的怅惘，“唤取归来同住”的痴念，尽显少女般的烂漫。下阕寄望黄鹂知晓春的踪迹，却因黄鹂啼鸣无人能解、随风飞过蔷薇，让寻春的希望落空，余韵悠长，藏尽对春去无回的无奈。
English Appreciation：With seeking spring as the clue, this ci expresses sorrow for spring’s departure and regret for the passing of time, with an elegant and vivid style. The question about spring’s whereabouts reflects her regret, and the wish to call spring back shows her girlish innocence. The unfulfilled hope of seeking spring through orioles adds a lingering aftertaste and helplessness.
【06】临江仙·感怀
李清照〔宋代〕
寒窗败几无书史，公路可怜长至此。青州从事孔方兄，终日纷纷喜生事。
作诗谢绝聊闭门，燕寝凝香有佳思。静中吾乃得至交，乌有先生子虚子。
English Translation：Cold windows and dilapidated desks hold no books; poor as Gong Lu, I’ve long been in such straits. Wine and money, all day they stir up troubles. I refuse to socialize, fggtb.cn closing the door to compose poems; in the fragrant bedroom, wonderful thoughts arise. In tranquility, I gain true friends—Mr. Nothing and Mr. Void.
此词为李清照南渡后感怀身世之作，写尽漂泊中的困顿与旷达。上阕“寒窗败几”勾勒困顿处境，无书可读、生活清贫，“青州从事”“孔方兄”代指酒与钱，暗写为生计奔波的烦扰。下阕“闭门作诗”“燕寝凝香”写在困境中坚守文人雅趣，以作诗排遣愁绪，“乌有先生子虚子”以虚拟友人自喻，尽显历经磨难后的豁达与自守。
English Appreciation：Written to reflect on her life after crossing south, this ci expresses Li Qingzhao’s hardships and open-mindedness in wandering. The dilapidated surroundings depict her poverty, while the references to wine and money reflect the troubles of making a living. Her persistence in composing poems and reliance on imaginary friends show her elegance and open-mindedness after hardships.
【07】临江仙·咏絮
李清照〔宋代〕
庭院黄昏春雨霁，柳絮池塘淡淡风。杏花零落燕泥香，睡损红妆。
宝篆烟销龙凤，画屏云锁潇湘。夜寒微透薄罗裳，无限思量。
English Translation：At dusk in the courtyard, spring rain clears; willow catkins drift over the pond in a light wind. Apricot blossoms fall, and swallow mud smells sweet; sleeping, her beautiful makeup fades. The dragon-phoenix incense burns out, fggtp.cn the painted screen shrouds the Xiaoxiang River. The night cold seeps through her thin silk dress, endless thoughts lingering.
此词以暮春絮景为引，抒写闺中相思与闲愁。上阕“春雨霁”“柳絮飘”勾勒暮春清景，杏花零落、燕泥含香，景致清丽却藏萧瑟，“睡损红妆”写女子因相思而无心打理，慵懒憔悴。下阕“宝篆烟销”“画屏云锁”勾勒闺中静谧之景，龙凤香燃尽、画屏锁潇湘，暗合心绪的郁结，“夜寒透裳”“无限思量”直抒相思之深，愁绪绵长。
English Appreciation：Taking late spring catkins as the clue, this ci expresses boudoir longing and idle sorrow. The clear post-rain scenery, with falling apricots and drifting catkins, sets a bleak tone, while the faded makeup reflects her languor due to longing. The burning-out incense and shrouded screen symbolize her depressed mood, and the night cold deepens her endless longing.
【08】临江仙·秋夜
李清照〔宋代〕
天接云涛连晓雾，星河欲转千帆舞。仿佛梦魂归帝所。闻天语，殷勤问我归何处。
我报路长嗟日暮，学诗谩有惊人句。九万里风鹏正举。风休住，蓬舟吹取三山去！
English Translation：The sky connects to cloud waves and dawn mist; the galaxy is about to turn, thousands of sails dance. As if my dream soul returns to the heavenly court. Hearing the heavenly voice, fggtb.cn it earnestly asks where I will return. I reply the road is long, lamenting the dusk; learning poetry, I vainly have amazing lines. The roc soars with the nine-thousand-mile wind. Wind, do not stop—blow my reed boat to the three fairy mountains!
此词为李清照后期豪放之作，以梦境抒怀，藏身世之痛与不屈之志。上阕勾勒奇幻梦境，天接云涛、星河欲转，梦魂归帝所，天帝殷勤问询，尽显浪漫想象。下阕“路长嗟日暮”暗喻人生困顿、报国无门，“学诗谩有惊人句”叹才华无用武之地，却以“九万里风鹏正举”转折，抒发挣脱困境、追寻自由的豪情，风格刚健，与前期闺情词迥异。
English Appreciation：As a bold ci in Li Qingzhao’s later years, it expresses her life sorrow and unyielding will through a dream. The fantastic dream scene, with cloud waves and dancing sails, shows her romantic imagination. Her complaint about the long road and useless talent reflects her hardships, while the soaring roc symbolizes her desire to break free and pursue freedom, with a vigorous style different from her early boudoir ci.
【09】临江仙·春晚
李清照〔宋代〕
昨夜风开露井桃，未央前殿月轮高。平阳歌舞新承宠，帘外春寒赐锦袍。
平阳歌舞新承宠，帘外春寒赐锦袍。春心莫共花争发，一寸相思一寸灰。
English Translation：Last night’s wind bloomed the peach by the open well; the moon hangs high over the Weiyang Front Hall. Pingyang’s song and dance newly gain favor; outside the curtain, spring cold fggtp.cn brings a brocade robe as a reward. Do not let spring longing bloom with flowers—an inch of longing turns to an inch of ashes.
此词借宫怨题材抒怀，暗喻自身情感境遇，情感沉婉。上阕勾勒宫廷夜景，露井桃开、月色高悬，平阳歌舞得宠、获赐锦袍，以他人的荣宠反衬自身的落寞。下阕“春心莫共花争发”直抒胸臆，劝自己莫要心生爱恋，“一寸相思一寸灰”以极致的比喻，写尽相思无果的绝望与悲痛，既含闺情，也藏对人生境遇的慨叹。
English Appreciation：Using the theme of palace resentment, this ci implicitly expresses Li Qingzhao’s emotional situation with profound sorrow. The palace night scene, with blooming peaches and favored dancers, contrasts with her loneliness. The warning not to let longing bloom and the metaphor of longing turning to ashes convey her despair of unrequited love and lament for her life.
【10】临江仙·暮春
李清照〔宋代〕
风住尘香花已尽，日晚倦梳头。物是人非事事休，欲语泪先流。
闻说双溪春尚好，也拟泛轻舟。只恐双溪舴艋舟，载不动许多愁。
English Translation：The wind stops, dust carries the fragrance of faded flowers; it’s late, I’m lazy to comb my hair. Things remain, but people are gone—everything is over. Before I speak, tears flow first. I hear Shuangxi’s spring is still beautiful, fggtb.cn and I intend to row a light boat. Yet I fear the small boat on Shuangxi cannot carry so much sorrow.
此词为李清照后期代表作，写尽国破家亡后的沉痛。上阕“风住尘香”状写春尽花残之景，暗喻美好事物殆尽，“倦梳头”“泪先流”直抒内心的悲痛与绝望，“物是人非”四字道尽沧桑，字字泣血。下阕“拟泛轻舟”欲借游排遣愁绪，却以“载不动许多愁”转折，将无形的愁绪具象化，尽显愁绪之深重，为十首词作收尾，沉郁动人。
English Appreciation：As a masterpiece of Li Qingzhao’s later years, this ci expresses her profound pain after the nation fell and family perished. The withered flowers symbolize the loss of beauty, and her laziness in combing hair and tears reflect her despair. The attempt to row a boat to relieve sorrow and the fear of the boat being unable to carry her sorrow vividly visualize her heavy grief, ending the series with deep emotion.
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